Ketika TikTok ‘Mengkhianati’ Kepercayaan Gen Z

Studi Uses & Gratification Penggunaan TikTok di Surabaya

Authors

  • Maria Yuliastuti Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya

:

https://doi.org/10.9744/scriptura.14.1.82-94

Keywords:

Generasi Z, TikTok, uses and gratification theory

Abstract

Penelitian ini menyoroti TikTok yang telah berada di posisi teratas sebagai sosial media pilihan generasi Z di tahun 2023. Muncul beragam konten yang berdasar algoritma personal penggunanya, TikTok ingin meraih kepuasan mutlak generasi Z, menggunakan uses and gratification theory (UGT) telah dijabarkan analisis mendalam melalui beberapa indikator. Tidak seperti yang dibayangkan, hasilnya ternyata TikTok mengecewakan generasi Z dengan hanya memberikan kepuasan pada kebutuhan emosional, sosial, dan bisnis saja. Namun untuk kebutuhan hiburan dan kognitif ternyata belum mampu. Terbukti dari hasil temuan ini, generasi Z khususnya Surabaya kecewa dan merasa dikhianati kepercayaanya pada TikTok yang selama ini telah mereka akses lebih sering dibanding media sosial lainnya.

Author Biography

Maria Yuliastuti, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya

Fakultas Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya

References

Abidin, C. (2020). Mapping internet celebrity on TikTok: Exploring attention economies and visibility labours. Cultural Science Journal, 12(1), 77–103. https://doi.org/10.5334/csci.140.

———. (2021). From ‘Networked Publics’ to ‘Refracted Publics’: A companion framework for researching ‘Below the Radar’ Studies.” Social Media + Society, 7(1), 205630512098445. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120984458.

Abidin, Z. (2020). Sejumlah influencer muda deklarasi Surabaya Berenerji.. Retrieved from https://www.suarasurabaya.net/politik/2020/sejumlah-influencer-muda-deklarasi-surabaya-berenerji/. Accessed on October 28, 2020

Akman, I. & Rehan, M. (2014). Online purchase behaviour among professionals: A socio-demographic perspective for Turkey. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 27(1), 689–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2014.975921.

Bambang, S. (2016). Aktifitas komunikasi dan media sosial (Survai pola komunikasi masyarakat DKI Jakarta melalui social network sites). Jurnal Studi Komunikasi dan Media, 19(1), 93. https://doi.org/10.31445/jskm.2015.190107.

Bhandari, A. & Bimo, S. (2022). Why’s everyone on TikTok now? The algorithmized self and the future of self-making on social media. Social Media + Society, 8(1), 205630512210862. https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051221086241.

BPS. (2021). Hasil sensus penduduk 2020. Retrieved from https://lpmpjatim.kemdikbud.go.id/site/po-content/uploads/ zzz_wahsun.jpg. Accessed on January 21, 2021.

———. (2023). Jumlah penduduk Surabaya menurut jenis kelamin dan kelompok umur (jiwa), 2020-2022. Retrieved from Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Surabaya. https://surabayakota.bps.go.id/indicator/12/236/1/jumlah-penduduk-surabaya-menurut-jenis-kelamin-dan-kelompok-umur.html.

Camelia. (2023). DKI Jakarta hingga Makassar, ini 10 kota terbesar di Indonesia berdasarkan jumlah penduduknya. Retrieved from https://www.liputan6.com/citizen6/read/5319869/dki-jakarta-hingga-makassar-ini-10-kota-terbesar-di-indonesia-berdasarkan-jumlah-penduduknya. Accessed on July 15, 2023.

Chou, C. & Hsiao, M-C. (2000). Internet addiction, usage, gratification, and pleasure experience: The Taiwan college students’ case. Computers & Education, 35(1), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1315(00)00019-1.

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008.

Devi, A. (2023). Pengguna tancap gas check out usai TikTok Shop buka lagi. Retrieved from Detik.Com. Accessed on December 2023.

Eginli, A. T. (2018). Interpersonal communication in social networking sites: An investigation in the framework of uses and gratification theory. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 8(2).

Eriksson Krutrök, M. (2021). Algorithmic closeness in mourning: Vernaculars of the hashtag #grief on TikTok. Social Media + Society, 7(3), 205630512110423. https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051211042396.

Fiallos, A., Fiallos, C., & Figueroa, S. (2021). Tiktok and education: Discovering knowledge through learning videos. In 2021 Eighth International Conference on EDemocracy & EGovernment (ICEDEG), 172–76. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEDEG52154.2021.9530988.

Firmansyah, M. (2022). Armuji ajak influencer promosikan ikon Kota Surabaya. Retrieved from https://www.gesuri.id/pemerintahan/armuji-ajak-influencer-promosikan-ikon-kota-surabaya-b2fgDZ6MI. Accessed on March 19, 2022.

Forristal, L. (2022). TikTok was the top app by worldwide downloads in Q1 2022. Retrieved from https://techcrunch.com/2022/04/26/tiktok-was-the-top-app-by-worldwide-downloads-in-q1-2022/. Accessed on April 26, 2022.

Frăţilă, C-O. (2021). Motivation of Tiktok users. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 04(12). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V4-i12-04.

Gao, X. (2023). The impact of Douyin (Chinese TikTok) on the socialization of Chinese youth. SHS Web of Conferences 155:01013. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202315501013.

Haferkamp, N. & Krämer, N. C. (2011). Social comparison 2.0: examining the effects of online profiles on social-networking sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(5), 309–14. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2010.0120.

Hamzah, R. H. B., Said, M. Z. B., & Supriadi, U. (2021). Dynamic analysis study: impact of tiktok applications on character education in covid-19 pandemic. https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/religio/index.

Husna, H. T. (2023). Sampai Mei 2023, Kominfo identifikasi 11.642 konten hoaks. Retrieved from https://aptika.kominfo.go.id/2023/06/sampai-mei-2023-kominfo-identifikasi-11-642-konten-hoaks/. Accessed on June 2023.

Jaramillo-Dent, D., Contreras-Pulido, P., Pérez-Rodríguez, A. (2022). Immigrant influencers on TikTok: Diverse microcelebrity profiles and algorithmic (in)visibility. Media and Communication, 10(1), https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v10i1.4743.

Katadata. (2021). Perilaku keuangan generasi Z & Y. Retrieved from https://cdn1.katadata.co.id/media/microsites/zigi/perilakukeuangan/file/KIC-%20ZIGI_%20Survei%20Perilaku%20Keuangan%20130122.pdf.

Katz, E., Gurevitch, M., Haas, H. (1973). On the use of the mass media for important things. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/asc_papers/267.

Kennedy, M. (2020). If the rise of the TikTok dance and e-girl aesthetic has taught us anything, it’s that teenage girls rule the internet right now’: TikTok celebrity, girls and the coronavirus crisis. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 23(6), 1069–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549420945341.

Kircaburun, K., Alhabash, S., Tosuntaş, S. B., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Uses and gratifications of problematic social media use among university students: A simultaneous examination of the big five of personality traits, social media platforms, and social media use motives. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 18(3), 525–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9940-6.

Kriyantono, R. (2014). Teknik praktis riset komunikasi. 7th ed. Jakarta: Kencana. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=AoOHnQAACAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false.

Liao, Z. & Cheung, M. T. (2001). Internet-based e-shopping and consumer attitudes: An empirical study. Information & Management, 38(5), 299–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7206(00)00072-0.

Lim, W. M & Ting, D. H. (2012). E-shopping: An analysis of the uses and gratifications theory. Modern Applied Science 6(5), 48–63. https://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v6n5p48.

Liu, H., Lee, K. T., & Bai, S. (2023). Exploring motivations for TikTok usage and impact factors of TikTokers’ continuance intention. Ingénierie Des Systèmes d Information, 28(2), 389–400. https://doi.org/10.18280/isi.280214.

Matamoros-Fernández, A. (2023). Taking humor seriously on TikTok. Social Media + Society, 9(1), 205630512311576. https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051231157609.

Moon, J-W., An, Y., & Norman, W. (2022). Exploring the application of the uses and gratifications theory as a conceptual model for identifying the motivations for smartphone use by e-tourists. Tourism Critiques: Practice and Theory, 3(2), 102–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/TRC-03-2022-0005.

Mubyarsah, L. R. (2021). Keliling sentra UMKM di Surabaya, Armuji minta influencer bantu UMKM. Retrieved from https://www.jawapos.com/surabaya-raya/01316959/keliling-sentra-umkm-di-surabaya-armuji-minta-influencer-bantu-umkm. Accessed on March 18, 2021.

Najah, M., Fadilah, A. F., Rachmi, I., & Iskandar. (2023). Perilaku phone snubbing (phubbing) pada generasi X, Y, dan Z. Intuisi : Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah, 14(2), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.15294/intuisi.v14i2.38883.

Ozimek, P., Brailovskaia, J., & Bierhoff, H. W. (2023). Active and passive behavior in social media: Validating the Social Media Activity Questionnaire (SMAQ). Telematics and Informatics Reports, 10(June). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teler.2023.100048.

Pemerintah Kota Surabaya. (2020). Surabaya Kota Sentosa. Retrieved from Pemerintah Kota Surabaya. https://surabaya.go.id/#.

———. (2021). Cak Ji ajak influencer Surabaya viralkan wisata Mangrove Wonorejo. Retrieved from https://surabaya.go.id/id/berita/59417/cak-ji-ajak-influencer-surabaya. Accessed on March 27, 2021.

———. (2024). Bersama Jerome Polin, Rian Fahradi, dan Elsa Japasal, Wali Kota Eri ajak 8 ribu gen Z di Surabaya berani wujudkan mimpi. Retrieved from https://www.surabaya.go.id/id/berita/80354/bersama-jerome-polin-rian-fahradi-dan-elsa-japasal-wali-kota-eri-ajak-8-ribu-gen-z-di-surabaya-berani-wujudkan-mimpi. Accessed on June 18, 2024.

Peña-Fernández, S., Larrondo-Ureta, A., & Moraes-i-Grass, J. (2022). Current affairs on TikTok. Virality and entertainment for digital natives. El Profesional de La Información, February. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.ene.06.

Radin, A. G. B. & Light, C. J. (2022). TikTok: An emergent opportunity for teaching and learning science communication online. Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1128/jmbe.00236-21.

Rubin, A. M. (1993). Audience activity and media use. Communication Monographs, 60(1), 98–105. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637759309376300.

Schellewald, A. (2022). Theorizing ‘stories about algorithms’ as a mechanism in the formation and maintenance of algorithmic imaginaries. Social Media + Society, 8(1), 205630512210770. https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051221077025.

Scherr, S. & Wang, K. (2021). Explaining the success of social media with gratification niches: Motivations behind daytime, nighttime, and active use of TikTok in China. Computers in Human Behavior, 124(November), 106893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106893.

Sharabati, A. A. A., Al-Haddad, S., Al-Khasawneh, M., Nababteh, N., Mohammad, N., & Ghoush, Q. A. (2022). The impact of TikTok user satisfaction on continuous intention to use the application. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8030125.

Su, B. C., Wu, L. W., Chang, Y. Y. C., & Hong, R. H. (2021). Influencers on social media as references: Understanding the importance of parasocial relationships. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910919.

Sugiyono. (2020). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (1st Edition; Sutopo, Ed.). Bandung: Alfabeta. https://anyflip.com/utlqr/qtha/basic.

Suminar, A. (2021a). Penduduk Jawa Timur didominasi millenial dan generasi Z. Retrieved from Suarasurabaya.Net. https://www.suarasurabaya.net/kelanakota/2021/penduduk-jawa-timur-didominasi-millenial-dan-generasi-z/.

———. (2021b). Penduduk Jawa Timur didominasi millenial dan generasi Z. Retrieved from https://www.suarasurabaya.net/kelanakota/2021/penduduk-jawa-timur-didominasi-millenial-dan-generasi-z/.

Trivedi, T. M. (2022). Impact of digital content marketing on purchase intentions for online shopping post covid-19 pandemic. Public Policy and Research International, 1(2), 24–33.

Wang, J. & Oh, J. I. (2023). Factors influencing consumers’ continuous purchase intentions on TikTok: An examination from the uses and gratifications theory perspective. Sustainability, 15(13), 10028. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310028.

Wang, X. & Guo, Y. (2023). Motivations on TikTok addiction: The moderating role of algorithm awareness on young people. El Profesional de La Información, July. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.jul.11.

WecareJatim. (2023). Pemkot Surabaya bekerjasama dengan influencer bule sampah edukasi lingkungan ke kampung. Retrieved from https://wecarejatim.com/pemkot-surabaya-bekerjasama-dengan-influencer-bule-sampah-edukasi-lingkungan-ke-kampung/. Accessed on November 6, 2023.

West, R. & Turner, L. H. (2010). Introducing communication theory: Analysis and application.

Wisnuadi, K. (2022). Data statistik jumlah pengguna TikTok [April 2022], lengkap! Retrieved from https://dipstrategy.co.id/blog/data-statistik-jumlah-pengguna-tiktok-april-2022-lengkap/. Accessed on June 14, 2022.

Yaqi, Z., Lee, J-Y., Liu, S. (2021). Research on the uses and gratifications of Tiktok (Douyin short video). International Journal of Contents, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.5392/IJoC.2021.17.1.037.

Zeng, J., & Abidin, C. (2021). ‘#OkBoomer, time to meet the zoomers’: Studying the memefication of intergenerational politics on TikTok. Information, Communication & Society, 24(16), 2459–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1961007.

Downloads

Published

2024-07-31

How to Cite

Yuliastuti, M. (2024). Ketika TikTok ‘Mengkhianati’ Kepercayaan Gen Z: Studi Uses & Gratification Penggunaan TikTok di Surabaya. Scriptura, 14(1), 82-94. https://doi.org/10.9744/scriptura.14.1.82-94

Issue

Section

Articles